Optimal. Leaf size=754 \[ -\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {b c-a d} x^2}{\sqrt [4]{-a} \sqrt [4]{b} \sqrt {c+d x^8}}\right )}{8 (-a)^{3/4} \sqrt {b c-a d}}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {-b c+a d} x^2}{\sqrt [4]{-a} \sqrt [4]{b} \sqrt {c+d x^8}}\right )}{8 (-a)^{3/4} \sqrt {-b c+a d}}+\frac {\left (\frac {\sqrt {b} \sqrt {c}}{\sqrt {-a}}+\sqrt {d}\right ) \sqrt [4]{d} \left (\sqrt {c}+\sqrt {d} x^4\right ) \sqrt {\frac {c+d x^8}{\left (\sqrt {c}+\sqrt {d} x^4\right )^2}} F\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{d} x^2}{\sqrt [4]{c}}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{8 \sqrt [4]{c} (b c+a d) \sqrt {c+d x^8}}+\frac {\left (\sqrt {-a} \sqrt {b} \sqrt {c}+a \sqrt {d}\right ) \sqrt [4]{d} \left (\sqrt {c}+\sqrt {d} x^4\right ) \sqrt {\frac {c+d x^8}{\left (\sqrt {c}+\sqrt {d} x^4\right )^2}} F\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{d} x^2}{\sqrt [4]{c}}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{8 a \sqrt [4]{c} (b c+a d) \sqrt {c+d x^8}}+\frac {\left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {c}+\sqrt {-a} \sqrt {d}\right )^2 \left (\sqrt {c}+\sqrt {d} x^4\right ) \sqrt {\frac {c+d x^8}{\left (\sqrt {c}+\sqrt {d} x^4\right )^2}} \Pi \left (-\frac {\left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {c}-\sqrt {-a} \sqrt {d}\right )^2}{4 \sqrt {-a} \sqrt {b} \sqrt {c} \sqrt {d}};2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{d} x^2}{\sqrt [4]{c}}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{16 a \sqrt [4]{c} \sqrt [4]{d} (b c+a d) \sqrt {c+d x^8}}+\frac {\left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {c}-\sqrt {-a} \sqrt {d}\right )^2 \left (\sqrt {c}+\sqrt {d} x^4\right ) \sqrt {\frac {c+d x^8}{\left (\sqrt {c}+\sqrt {d} x^4\right )^2}} \Pi \left (\frac {\left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {c}+\sqrt {-a} \sqrt {d}\right )^2}{4 \sqrt {-a} \sqrt {b} \sqrt {c} \sqrt {d}};2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{d} x^2}{\sqrt [4]{c}}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{16 a \sqrt [4]{c} \sqrt [4]{d} (b c+a d) \sqrt {c+d x^8}} \]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Rubi [A]
time = 0.54, antiderivative size = 754, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps
used = 8, number of rules used = 5, integrand size = 22, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.227, Rules used = {476, 418, 1231,
226, 1721} \begin {gather*} -\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} \text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {x^2 \sqrt {b c-a d}}{\sqrt [4]{-a} \sqrt [4]{b} \sqrt {c+d x^8}}\right )}{8 (-a)^{3/4} \sqrt {b c-a d}}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} \text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {x^2 \sqrt {a d-b c}}{\sqrt [4]{-a} \sqrt [4]{b} \sqrt {c+d x^8}}\right )}{8 (-a)^{3/4} \sqrt {a d-b c}}+\frac {\sqrt [4]{d} \left (\sqrt {c}+\sqrt {d} x^4\right ) \sqrt {\frac {c+d x^8}{\left (\sqrt {c}+\sqrt {d} x^4\right )^2}} \left (\frac {\sqrt {b} \sqrt {c}}{\sqrt {-a}}+\sqrt {d}\right ) F\left (2 \text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{d} x^2}{\sqrt [4]{c}}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{8 \sqrt [4]{c} \sqrt {c+d x^8} (a d+b c)}+\frac {\sqrt [4]{d} \left (\sqrt {c}+\sqrt {d} x^4\right ) \sqrt {\frac {c+d x^8}{\left (\sqrt {c}+\sqrt {d} x^4\right )^2}} \left (\sqrt {-a} \sqrt {b} \sqrt {c}+a \sqrt {d}\right ) F\left (2 \text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{d} x^2}{\sqrt [4]{c}}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{8 a \sqrt [4]{c} \sqrt {c+d x^8} (a d+b c)}+\frac {\left (\sqrt {c}+\sqrt {d} x^4\right ) \sqrt {\frac {c+d x^8}{\left (\sqrt {c}+\sqrt {d} x^4\right )^2}} \left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {c}-\sqrt {-a} \sqrt {d}\right )^2 \Pi \left (\frac {\left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {c}+\sqrt {-a} \sqrt {d}\right )^2}{4 \sqrt {-a} \sqrt {b} \sqrt {c} \sqrt {d}};2 \text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{d} x^2}{\sqrt [4]{c}}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{16 a \sqrt [4]{c} \sqrt [4]{d} \sqrt {c+d x^8} (a d+b c)}+\frac {\left (\sqrt {c}+\sqrt {d} x^4\right ) \sqrt {\frac {c+d x^8}{\left (\sqrt {c}+\sqrt {d} x^4\right )^2}} \left (\sqrt {-a} \sqrt {d}+\sqrt {b} \sqrt {c}\right )^2 \Pi \left (-\frac {\left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {c}-\sqrt {-a} \sqrt {d}\right )^2}{4 \sqrt {-a} \sqrt {b} \sqrt {c} \sqrt {d}};2 \text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{d} x^2}{\sqrt [4]{c}}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{16 a \sqrt [4]{c} \sqrt [4]{d} \sqrt {c+d x^8} (a d+b c)} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
[In]
[Out]
Rule 226
Rule 418
Rule 476
Rule 1231
Rule 1721
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \frac {x}{\left (a+b x^8\right ) \sqrt {c+d x^8}} \, dx &=\frac {1}{2} \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\left (a+b x^4\right ) \sqrt {c+d x^4}} \, dx,x,x^2\right )\\ &=\frac {\text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\left (1-\frac {\sqrt {b} x^2}{\sqrt {-a}}\right ) \sqrt {c+d x^4}} \, dx,x,x^2\right )}{4 a}+\frac {\text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\left (1+\frac {\sqrt {b} x^2}{\sqrt {-a}}\right ) \sqrt {c+d x^4}} \, dx,x,x^2\right )}{4 a}\\ &=\frac {\left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {c} \left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {c}-\sqrt {-a} \sqrt {d}\right )\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1+\frac {\sqrt {d} x^2}{\sqrt {c}}}{\left (1-\frac {\sqrt {b} x^2}{\sqrt {-a}}\right ) \sqrt {c+d x^4}} \, dx,x,x^2\right )}{4 a (b c+a d)}+\frac {\left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {c} \left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {c}+\sqrt {-a} \sqrt {d}\right )\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1+\frac {\sqrt {d} x^2}{\sqrt {c}}}{\left (1+\frac {\sqrt {b} x^2}{\sqrt {-a}}\right ) \sqrt {c+d x^4}} \, dx,x,x^2\right )}{4 a (b c+a d)}+\frac {\left (\left (\frac {\sqrt {b} \sqrt {c}}{\sqrt {-a}}+\sqrt {d}\right ) \sqrt {d}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\sqrt {c+d x^4}} \, dx,x,x^2\right )}{4 (b c+a d)}+\frac {\left (\left (\sqrt {-a} \sqrt {b} \sqrt {c}+a \sqrt {d}\right ) \sqrt {d}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\sqrt {c+d x^4}} \, dx,x,x^2\right )}{4 a (b c+a d)}\\ &=-\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {b c-a d} x^2}{\sqrt [4]{-a} \sqrt [4]{b} \sqrt {c+d x^8}}\right )}{8 (-a)^{3/4} \sqrt {b c-a d}}-\frac {\sqrt [4]{b} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {-b c+a d} x^2}{\sqrt [4]{-a} \sqrt [4]{b} \sqrt {c+d x^8}}\right )}{8 (-a)^{3/4} \sqrt {-b c+a d}}+\frac {\left (\frac {\sqrt {b} \sqrt {c}}{\sqrt {-a}}+\sqrt {d}\right ) \sqrt [4]{d} \left (\sqrt {c}+\sqrt {d} x^4\right ) \sqrt {\frac {c+d x^8}{\left (\sqrt {c}+\sqrt {d} x^4\right )^2}} F\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{d} x^2}{\sqrt [4]{c}}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{8 \sqrt [4]{c} (b c+a d) \sqrt {c+d x^8}}+\frac {\left (\sqrt {-a} \sqrt {b} \sqrt {c}+a \sqrt {d}\right ) \sqrt [4]{d} \left (\sqrt {c}+\sqrt {d} x^4\right ) \sqrt {\frac {c+d x^8}{\left (\sqrt {c}+\sqrt {d} x^4\right )^2}} F\left (2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{d} x^2}{\sqrt [4]{c}}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{8 a \sqrt [4]{c} (b c+a d) \sqrt {c+d x^8}}+\frac {\left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {c}+\sqrt {-a} \sqrt {d}\right )^2 \left (\sqrt {c}+\sqrt {d} x^4\right ) \sqrt {\frac {c+d x^8}{\left (\sqrt {c}+\sqrt {d} x^4\right )^2}} \Pi \left (-\frac {\left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {c}-\sqrt {-a} \sqrt {d}\right )^2}{4 \sqrt {-a} \sqrt {b} \sqrt {c} \sqrt {d}};2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{d} x^2}{\sqrt [4]{c}}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{16 a \sqrt [4]{c} \sqrt [4]{d} (b c+a d) \sqrt {c+d x^8}}+\frac {\left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {c}-\sqrt {-a} \sqrt {d}\right )^2 \left (\sqrt {c}+\sqrt {d} x^4\right ) \sqrt {\frac {c+d x^8}{\left (\sqrt {c}+\sqrt {d} x^4\right )^2}} \Pi \left (\frac {\left (\sqrt {b} \sqrt {c}+\sqrt {-a} \sqrt {d}\right )^2}{4 \sqrt {-a} \sqrt {b} \sqrt {c} \sqrt {d}};2 \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{d} x^2}{\sqrt [4]{c}}\right )|\frac {1}{2}\right )}{16 a \sqrt [4]{c} \sqrt [4]{d} (b c+a d) \sqrt {c+d x^8}}\\ \end {align*}
________________________________________________________________________________________
Mathematica [C] Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 6 vs. order 4 in
optimal.
time = 10.04, size = 65, normalized size = 0.09 \begin {gather*} \frac {x^2 \sqrt {\frac {c+d x^8}{c}} F_1\left (\frac {1}{4};\frac {1}{2},1;\frac {5}{4};-\frac {d x^8}{c},-\frac {b x^8}{a}\right )}{2 a \sqrt {c+d x^8}} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Maple [F]
time = 0.08, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \[\int \frac {x}{\left (b \,x^{8}+a \right ) \sqrt {d \,x^{8}+c}}\, dx\]
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Maxima [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Failed to integrate} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Fricas [F(-1)] Timed out
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Timed out} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Sympy [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {x}{\left (a + b x^{8}\right ) \sqrt {c + d x^{8}}}\, dx \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Giac [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {could not integrate} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________
Mupad [F]
time = 0.00, size = -1, normalized size = -0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {x}{\left (b\,x^8+a\right )\,\sqrt {d\,x^8+c}} \,d x \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
[In]
[Out]
________________________________________________________________________________________